A unit assigns a mathematical weighting factor to the magnitude that is derived as a ratio to the property of an artifact used as standard or a natural physical quantity.The magnitude is the numerical value of the characterization, usually obtained with a suitably chosen measuring instrument.The type is commonly not explicitly expressed, but implicit in the definition of a measurement procedure. For example, two states of a property may be compared by ratio, difference, or ordinal preference. The level of measurement is a taxonomy for the methodological character of a comparison.They enable unambiguous comparisons between measurements. The measurement of a property may be categorized by the following criteria: type, magnitude, unit, and uncertainty. it is needed for the global understanding of the quantity of a substance.it is needed for preparing medicines and treating patients.It is needed for performing scientific experiments.it is needed for buying, selling and exchanging of goods.Measurement is defined as the process of comparison of an unknown quantity with a known or standard quantity. The science of measurement is pursued in the field of metrology. This system reduces all physical measurements to a mathematical combination of seven base units. Since the 18th century, developments progressed towards unifying, widely accepted standards that resulted in the modern International System of Units (SI). Often these were achieved by local agreements between trading partners or collaborators. Historically, many measurement systems existed for the varied fields of human existence to facilitate comparisons in these fields. Measurement is a cornerstone of trade, science, technology and quantitative research in many disciplines. However, in other fields such as statistics as well as the social and behavioural sciences, measurements can have multiple levels, which would include nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio scales. In natural sciences and engineering, measurements do not apply to nominal properties of objects or events, which is consistent with the guidelines of the International vocabulary of metrology published by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. The scope and application of measurement are dependent on the context and discipline. Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to compare with other objects or events. A typical tape measure with both metric and imperial units and two US pennies for comparison
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